The function of the electron transport chain is to produce a transmembrane proton electrochemical gradient as a result of the redox reactions. If protons flow back through the membrane, they enable mechanical work, such as rotating bacterial flagella.
what happens in electron transport system?
The electron transport system occurs in the cristae of the mitochondria, where a series of cytochromes (enzymes) and coenzymes exist. In their energy-depleted condition, the electrons unite with an oxygen atom. The electron-oxygen combination then reacts with two hydrogen ions (protons) to form a water molecule (H2O).
what is the process of the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain (aka ETC) is a process in which the NADH and [FADH2] produced during glycolysis, β-oxidation, and other catabolic processes are oxidized thus releasing energy in the form of ATP. The mechanism by which ATP is formed in the ETC is called chemiosmotic phosphorolation.
what is the purpose of the electron transport chain?
The main purpose of the electron transport chain is to build up a surplus of hydrogen ions (protons) in the intermembrane space so that there will be a concentration gradient compared to the matrix of the mitochondria.
What are the 3 main steps in the electron transport chain?
Aerobic (“oxygen-using”) respiration occurs in three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport. In glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate. This results in a net gain of two ATP molecules.
Is NADH 2.5 or 3 ATP?
To pass the electrons from NADH to last Oxygen acceptor,total of 10 protons are transported from matrix to inter mitochondrial membrane. 4 protons via complex 1,4 via complex 3 and 2 via complex 4. Thus for NADH— 10/4=2.5 ATP is produced actually. Similarly for 1 FADH2, 6 protons are moved so 6/4= 1.5 ATP is produced. You may also read,
How many ATP are generated in the electron transport chain?
32 ATP Check the answer of
What is the electron transport chain also known as?
The respiratory chain, otherwise known as the electron transport chain, resides in the mitochondria. A single molecule of NADH has sufficient energy to generate three ATP molecules from ADP.
Where does electron transport take place?
The electron transport chain occurs across the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria and its main function is to build an electrochemical gradient on either side of the inner membrane using protons. The ETC pumps hydrogen ions out of the inner matrix of the mitochondria and into the intermembrane space. Read:
What are the products of the electron transport chain?
The end products of the electron transport chain are water and ATP. A number of intermediate compounds of the citric acid cycle can be diverted into the anabolism of other biochemical molecules, such as nonessential amino acids, sugars, and lipids.
How many ATP are made in glycolysis?
2 ATP
How does Chemiosmosis produce ATP?
The actual production of ATP in cellular respiration takes place through the process of chemiosmosis (see Chapter 4). After the gradient is established, protons diffuse down the gradient through a transport protein called ATP synthase. The flow of hydrogens catalyze the pairing of a phosphate with ADP, forming ATP.
Why are the components of the electron transport chain embedded?
Why are the components of the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane rather than floating freely in the cytoplasm of mitochondrial matrix? To generate and maintain the proton gradient essential for ATP production.
What is the electron transport chain in simple terms?
The electron transport chain consists of a series of redox reactions in which electrons are transferred from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The underlying force driving these reactions is the free energy (energy available to do work) of the reactants and products.
What is the importance of the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain is a system of molecules through which electrons are transferred to generate ATP. It has an important role in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
